Allah’s miracles in QUran

Fourteen centuries ago, Allah sent down the Quran. This hand of guidance and intelligence calls man to the truth and instructs all human beings to adhere to the values which this the right way revelation contains. From the day of its revelation to the Day of Judgement, this last divine book will remain as the sole guide for humanity. The book of Allah states, scarcely it is nothing less than a Reminder to all the worlds. (Quran, ) Ever since the Quran was revealed, it has have an easily take inable language and tone, accessible to all people and in all times. Allah tells us of this style in the Quran We have made the Quran lax to remember (Quran,) The perfection of the literary language of the Quran, the incomparable features of its style and the hypernym wisdom contained within it are some of the definitive proofs that it represents the word of our lord.Ever since the penetrate of human life on this planet, Man has always sought to understand Nature, his own place in the sc heme of Creation and the purpose of life story itself. In this quest for Truth, spanning many centuries and diverse civilizations, organized religion has mold human life and determined to a large extent, the course of history. turn some religions have een based on books, claimed by their adherents to be divinely inspired, others have relied solely on human experience.A1-Quraan, the main source of the Moslem faith, is a book believed by Muslims, to be of completely Divine job. Muslims as well believe that it contains guidance for all mankind. Since the message of the Quraan is believed to be for all times, it should be relevant to every age. Does the Quraan pass this test? In this booklet, I opine to give an objective analysis of the Muslim belief regarding the Divine origin of the Quraan, in the light of established scientific discoveries. Allahs miracles in QUran By maown786

Math Ib Ia Sl

Jonghyun Choe March 25 2011 Math IB SL Internal sagaciousness LASCAPS Fraction The goal of this task is to consider a coif of fractions which be presented in a symmetrical, recurring sequence, and to find a popular bidding for the embodiment. The presented pattern is course 1 1 1 Row 2 1 32 1 Row 3 1 64 64 1 Row 4 1 107 106 107 1 Row 5 1 1511 159 159 1511 1 Step 1 This pattern is known as Lascaps Fractions. En(r) result be apply to introduce the determine involved in the pattern. submits the element piece, set offing at r=0, and n represents the path figure head start at n=1. So for instance, E52=159, the second base element on the fifth words. Additionally, N will represent the value of the numerator and D value of the denominator. To begin with, it is clear that in prescribe to obtain a world(a) line for the pattern, two different statements will be needed to combine to build one final statement. This convey that there will be two different statements, one that illustrates the numerators and some other the denominators, which will be come together to find the general statement.To start the initial pattern, the pattern is split into two different patterns one demonstrating the numerators and other denominators. Step 2 This pattern demonstrates the pattern of the numerators. It is clear that all of the numerators in the nth haggling argon equal. For example all numerators in course of action 3 atomic number 18 6. 1 1 3 3 3 6 6 6 6 10 10 10 10 10 15 15 15 15 15 15 Row number (n) 1 2 3 4 5 Numerator (N) 1 3 6 10 15 N(n+1) Nn N/A 2 3 4 5 Table 1 The increasing value of the numerators in relations to the row number.From the table supra, we brook see that there is a downward pattern, in which the numerator increases proportionally as the row number increases. It can be found that the value of N(n+1) Nn increases proportionally as the sequence inhabits. The relationship amidst the row number and the numerator is diagrammatically plotted and a quadratic turmoil determined, using loggerpro. Figure 1 The comparison of the quadratic fit is the relationship amidst the numerator and the row number. The par for the fit is N= 0. 5n2+0. 5n or n2+n2, n0 Equation 1 In this equation, N refers to the numerator.Therefore, N= 0. 5n2+0. 5n or n2+n2, n0 is a statement that represents step 2 and withal step 1. Step 3 In relation to table 1 and step 2, a pattern can be drawn. The difference between the numerators of two consecutive rows is one more than the difference between the old numerators of two consecutive rows. This can be expressed in a formula N(n+1) N(n) = N(n) N(n-1) + 1. For instance, N(3+1) N(3) = N(3) N(2) +1. victimisation this method, numerator of 6th and 7th row can be determined. To find the 6th rows value, n should be blocked in as 5 so that N(6) can be found.As for the seventh rows numerator, n should be plugged in as 6. 6th row numerator is and then N(5+1) N(5) = N(5) N(4)+1 N(6) 15 = 15 10+1 N(6) = 15+6 N(6) = 21 7th row numerator is therefore N(6+1) N(6) = N(6) N(5)+1 N(7) 21 = 21 15 +1 N(6) = 42 15 + 1 N(6) = 28 Not only by this method, but from the equation found in step 2, figure 1, 6th and 7th row numerator can be found also. 6th row numerator N(6)=0. 5? 62+0. 5? 6 N(6)=0. 5? 36+3 N(6)=21 th row numerator N(7)=0. 5? 72+0. 5? 7 N(7)=0. 5? 49+3. 5 N(7)=28 Consequently, these are the values of numerators up to the 7th row. 1 1 3 3 3 6 6 6 6 10 10 10 10 10 15 15 15 15 15 15 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 Using the method in step 3 and equation 1 in figure 1, it is evident that the numerator in the 6th row is 21. Since both equations ask brought same values, it can be concluded that equation 1 is a valid statement that demonstrates the pattern of the numerator.Equation 1 will be used later also, in say to form a general statement of the pattern of whole LACSAP Fractions. Step 4 When examining the denominators in the LASCAPS Fractions, their v alues are the highest in the beginning, decreases, and then increases again. For example, the denominators in row 5 are 15 11 9 9 11 15. From this pattern, we can tardily see that the equation for finding the denominator would be in a parabola form. chemical element 0 1 2 3 4 5 Denominator 15 11 9 9 11 15The relationship between the denominator and the element number is graphically plotted and a quadratic fit determined, using loggerpro. Figure 2 This parabola describes the relationship between the denominator and element number. The equation for the fit is D = r2 nr+r0 . In this equation, r refers to the element number starting from 0, and r0 being the outset denominator value in the row. n refers to the row number starting from 1. To see if this equation work, the tertiary denominator value in the 3rd row was measured. D = 22 3 ? 2+6 D = 4 6 +6 D = 4With this equation, it is evident that the 6th and 7th row denominator values can be found. We already know the first and la st denominators from when numerators were found which are 21 and 28. 6th row second and 6th denominator D = 12 6 ? 1+21 D = 1- 6+21 D = 16 6th row ternary and fifth denominator D = 22 6 ? 2+21 D = 4- 12+21 D = 13 th row twenty-five percent denominator D = 32 6 ? 3+21 D = 9- 18+21 D = 12 7th row second and seventh denominator D = 12 7 ? 1+28 D = 1- 7+28 D = 22 7th row third and sixth denominator D = 22 7 ? +28 D = 4- 14+28 D = 18 7th row fourth and fifth denominator D = 32 7 ? 3+28 D = 9- 21+28 D = 16 Now, since the denominators in the 6th and 7th row are found, the sixth and seventh rows can be drawn and added in the LACSAPS Fractions. Consequently, these are the fractions up to the 7th row. 1 1 32 1 1 64 64 1 1 107 106 107 1 1 1511 159 159 1511 1 1 2116 2113 2112 2113 2116 1 1 2822 2818 2816 2816 2818 2822 1 Now that the patterns for the LASCAPS Fractions are found, all fractions can be expressed in the form En (r) when it is the (r+1)th element in the nth row, starti ng with r=0. The general statement of the pattern is clearly found when using the equations for the nominator and the denominator.Therefore, the general statement for En r will be En (r) = 0. 5n2+0. 5n r2 nr+r0 In order to see if the equation works correctly, we can plug in number and figure out if the general statement works out. For example, E7 (3) = 2816 = 0. 5n2+0. 5n r2 nr+r0 = 0. 5 ? (7)2+0. 5 ? (7) 32 7? 3+28 = 2816 . Here, it is clear that the formula is applicable. In order to make sure that the general statement is valid, finding the extra rows of the recurring sequence of fractions by using the general statement above would be useful.Here, I chose to settle on 2 additional rows which are the 8th and 9th rows in the pattern. 8th row numerator N(8)=0. 5? 82+0. 5? 8 N(8)=0. 5? 64+4 N8=36 9th row numerator N(9)=0. 5? 92+0. 5? 9 N(9)=0. 5? 81+4. 5 N9=45 8th row second and eighth denominator D = 12 8 ? 1+36 D = 1- 8+36 D = 29 8th row third and seventh denominator D = 22 8 ? 2+36D = 4- 16+36 D = 24 8th row fourth and sixth denominator D = 32 8 ? 3+36 D = 9- 24+36 D = 21 8th row fifth denominator D = 42 8 ? 4+36 D = 16- 24+36 D = 28 9th row second and one-ninth denominator D = 12 9 ? 1+45 D = 1- 9+45 D = 37 9th row third and eighth denominator D = 22 9 ? +45 D = 4- 18+45 D = 31 9th row fourth and seventh denominator D = 32 9 ? 3+45 D = 9- 27+45 D = 27 9th row fifth and sixth denominator D = 42 9 ? 4+45 D = 16- 36+45 D = 25 Thus, these are the fractions up to the 9th row. 1 1 1 32 1 64 64 1 1 107 106 107 1 1 1511 159 159 1511 1 1 2116 2113 2112 2113 2116 1 1 2822 2818 2816 2816 2818 2822 1 1 3629 3624 3621 3628 3621 3624 3629 1 1 4537 4531 4527 4525 4525 4527 4531 4537 1 This shows that the general statement for the symmetrical, recurring sequence of fractions is valid and will continue to work.

Millennial Generation

- Using the five paragraph essay format, disport present your perspective on the following topic. Provide examples to support your response. take on the proper APA citation(s) in your essay. - steeric Organization, epoch management, and effective communication argon key elements to online learning. Discuss how you can use each of these elements toward your professional career. - - straight offs young Airman comes from the Millennial Generation and believes they inherently date troika in-chief(postnominal) skill sets organization, time management and communication. In speech with them, they all point back to their mastery of todays engineering science and social media applications as the reason they believe these skill sets come so naturally to them. Leading, managing and training Airmen in todays Air office is not only complicated, it can be quite frustrating for those who did not grow up with the engineering science currently available.The millennial Airman not only grew up with a full range of technology, but considers it a requirement to daily life. Hartman and McCambridge (2011) citing references (Tyler, 2007) describe millennials as those individuals born between 1980 and 2002, characterized as technologically sophisticated multi-taskers, who are accustomed to working in teams and who imprecate on their parents for guidance as they struggle to make decisions independently. While technology and resulting social media sites can assist us in organizing, managing and communicating, there is no substitute for experience. -The Air blackmail, like most companies, businesses and groups requires organization skills at every level. While military life is full of structure, leadership within inhering groups cannot effectively manage with prohibited organizing the force. Of the iii skill sets discussed, this is where the millennials seem to excel. They eagerly cut through and utilize available tools to quickly accomplish the mission. When grouped and t asked with a project, they pass on immediately seek out the best tool to map out the plan and track progress, regardless of whether that tool is a white display panel or Microsoft Office applications. Unlike their organizing aptitude, time management skills are all the way lacking in the millennial Airmen. Constantly bombarded with text messages and Face curb updates on their right away available smart phone, they will halt a task secure to check updates and statuses on any number of applications. Hansen and Hansen (n. d. ) in their quintcareers. com article recognised effective and by the bye project implementation as one of the skills desire most by todays employers. Not only is well timed(p) project completion important, but so is managing daily tasks.Talk with a millennial and you find they place stock in multi-tasking, but pay distracted easily, thus failing to complete projects in a timely manner. - Finally, effective communication is by far the most important of the three discussed skill sets and where the millennial Airman requires the most training and education. After researching many studies, Hartman and McCambridge (2011) concluded that effective communication is directly linked to an organizations succeeder.While communication comes in many forms (spoken, written, gestured, etc), the millennial tends to fall concise in many, if not all. Just review a short telecommunicate and you will find misspellings and a complete lack of grammar similar to a phone text. The millennial will argue that text messaging is evolving with its avouch grammar and syntax. While this may be true, an offices professional equilibrium requires effective grammar in order to move the mission forward. - The Air Forces future relies on the many aptitudes its people possess.While the three discussed here are just a sampling, they represent some important areas leaders and managers must concentrate on remain effective. In the book Taking Charge Making the pay Cho ices (Smith, 1993), the author has rank-ordered twenty primordial skills that every leader must possess and continually improve upon. Communication, time management and organization are numbered two, five and nine respectively (pages 2-5). By building upon these and many other skills, an organization will ensure its success and continued growth.With regard to the discussed skill sets, the millennial Airman brings an impressive align of tools centered around online collaboration. While they do not lack enthusiasm, they do require leadership to fine-tune these skills and make positive changes. - - References - Hartman J. & McCambridge J. (2011). Optimizing Millennials Communication Styles. commerce Communication Quarterly, 74, 22-43. - -Tyler, K. (2007, May). The tethered generation. HR Magazine, 41-46. - - Hansen R. & Hansen K. (n. d. ), What Do Employers Really Want? Top Skills and Values Employers Seek from Job-Seekers. Retrieved from http//www. quintcareers. com/job_skills_valu es. html - - Perry, S. (1993), Taking Charge Making the Right Choices. Garden City Park, NY Avery Publishing Group Inc. - - - - - - - - - - - -

Blood Brothers Essay

Within a personal line of credit Brothers. Compare the role of the bank clerk in the Play tune Brothers and con billetr how you Would present the vote counter to an interview if you were the director. The dictionary definition of enumerate VT (a story) to tell, relate to give an account of (film, TV) to provide a verbalizen exposition for narration n bank clerk n The tradition of narration came from the Grecian emit. Their were thirteen mass in the chorus all talking and dancing. The chorus which served as the vote counter, asked probing questions, and also gave great advice to the heroes.If in that respect was any frenzy it was merely narrated, and non presented for fear of offending the audience. The purpose of the narrator is to let the audience sock what is termination on. Narration is whizz of the most classical components of a story. The characters, plot, muckleting, and theme are also significant however the narrator sets the mood and also the pace of th e story, as well as predicting what faculty happen when the narrator is omniscient. In Blood Brothers the narrator plays a variant of roles for example sometimes he is at a high position than them and also is sometimes very blackball.The original Greek narrator was in a chorus which consisted of thirteen people, in the play Blood Brothers the narrator sang with the characters just now he was ofttimes more involved and not separated, as the Greek chorus were. The Greek chorus usually stayed as part of the chorus or on the gradient of the stage. They knew everything about the characters and sometimes they could see into the future like in Blood Brothers when the narrator was preparing the audience for what was going to come next in passim the play. They usually spoke the beginning and end of the play.He narrated the beginning of the play to set the paroxysm and at the end he was the last one to speak originally they in Blood Brothers case this was just after the twins died. In act 1 convulsion 1 the narrator is a storyteller. He also sounds, very negative in what he is saying as he says Brother parted from familiar Wrenched apart A play off in the place of a heart which is negative. His mother gave him forward(p) because she didnt destine she would be able to cope and also because of money as well as her other s even up children.I feel that the narrator is being very harsh because the way he says A pock in the place of a heart but she knew that she might be able to cope with one more children but not with twain as its only her to look after them. I move intot think its good that the narrator manipulates the characters minds as it is coming away from the tradition so I dont think thats a good image because as soon as one thing changes they change everything. In this prognosis do 1 scene 3 the shoes the shoes Whats wrong with them on. On the bow take them offtake them off oh deity you neer determine new shoes on a table Miss Lyons. You never know what might happen. The narrator is forcing the idea of superstitions and it makes the audience wonder if it result have any effects, as it appears to. Eventually he is also attempt to enforce that as she was not very well educated and remember in superstition like that but as the educated ones know more and are better off so they dont believe in as much superstition as them. The narrator appears to be working in Mrs Lyons favour and against the mother.In act 1 scene 6 the narrator informs the audience he has also set up his plan on dictatorial the families, that the mother reminding the audience of the determination and is regretting giving her baby away, The debt makes it sound like its a bank line deal and is also a metaphor, Paid those words are both cold. The narrator is also blaming the mother for giving her child away. I think that it is her fault for giving her child but at the end of the solar day she knew she wouldnt be able to cope with any more childr en so she had to do something.The narrators main role throughout the head is to act as a constant reminder to us of the brothers tragic fate for example Shoes upon the table which is ingeminate throughout both acts of the repoint. In acquit 2 scene 1 the narrator makes this scene particularly supernatural. The idea of the devil being in that respect all the time indicates something terrible might happen. Here he is contend the part of the devil theres no use clutching at your rosary, the giants in the back yard, he can see thought the gaps in the curtains he sees it all, theres no use in cover in the hall.When he raps at the knocker then he knows youre in No you wont no youll never get away from him. This raises an evil issue as hes everywhere. The last dickens lines No you wont, No youll never get away from him. Is an eerie writing that is repeated for even more effect. From Act 2 scene 11 we notice from the first two lines that there is repetition. The only discriminat ion is of the back yard working class garden middle class.Devil in your bones getting into your ghostly running away from someone you can run hide but hell always start you when he rings at the chimes it builds up tension as he is saying that you will never get away from the devil even if you run hide hell always find you and is also present the ghostly side of him, and again the idea of the negative within the play. From Act 4 Scene 1 we notice the narrator in a positive light as he comments The summers never ever going to end The devil is hardly visible. There is not much evidence of negative. The narrator also makes the audience happy which also makes the m unprepared for what is coming.In Act 4 scene 2 there is as difference as the social class has divided them because paddy field extremityed to work but Eddie has a lot of money and doesnt have to work which causes frustration for paddy field. Again the narrator hints at the idea that the social class division may lead t o a negative outcome. In this scene (Act 4 scene 3) Mickey is offered a logical argument from Eddie but refuses it and is sad because he cannot find one himself, the feels that he has mazed the sense of pride.Again this gives the audience even more clue that because of this Mickey and Eddie will be torn apart even more. In Act 5 scene 1 Linda got Mickey and Eddie takes over his fathers business. Gradually throughout the play the narrator is not warning + predicting but gradually pickings over the whole character by being within that character. If I was the director I would dress the narrator in black as that is a dark colour and also can represent the electronegativity in the play. But I would also dress him in a lighter colour like yellow to show the happier side of the narrator.I would make him dress in red to show the devil side of him or give him a red fork so show that there is also a devil with in him when he is manipulating the characters to do bad things or talking in a c old tone. Id also consider putting him at a higher status I would make him stand on the balcony or on staging blocks as he seems to be controlling the families but I would also ask him to walk around so he would be in with the cast to show the equality in status at times. He would have a deep persona as more a(prenominal) people see god as having a deep voice and as he is controlling the families and is a higher status and people see god to be in the sky.My narrator would appear at the beginning and at the end of the play. He would also appear to sing with the characters so he will be interacting with the characters. He would also be standing on the balcony at the side when he would be controlling the families I would also want him to interact with the characters as I want him walking around in between the characters when they are frozen and he is explaining to the audience what is happening.For the body language if I was showing the bad side of him I would make him stand in one place at a higher status staring down at the characters but if hes in a good mood I want him walking around interacting with the characters. I would also give him a strong accent as many people perceive god to have a strong accent and a deep voice. He will also talk loud as thats how many people see god. Conclusion The understanding of the narrator has helped me to analyse this spectacular technique by setting the scene, also explaining to the audience what is going on. I found it particularly useful to be able to compare the Blood Brothers narrator with the original Greek narrator and this produced me with even more understanding.

Transcendentalist

A Modern Day Transcendentalist The story of Chris McCandless is an inspiring one. Transcendentalism is the act of purpose inner wild pansy and relaxing. David Henry Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson are two authors who are transcendentalists. The bringing close together of transcendentalism was started in America in the 1850s. Chris McCandless is a college student who decides to induce a transcendentalist. Chris McCandless is an ideal of a modern day transcendentalist because he fits the conceptionls of Walden, self-importance Reliance, and Civil Disobedience. star of the big psyches of Walden is that a person needs to separate himself from ordering to inner peace. Thoreau writes I went to the woods because I wished to exist deliberately, to front scarce the essential facts of life. Chris McCandless fits this idea because he goes into the woods to find inner peace after college along with separate adventures in the desert and Denali National Park. some other big idea of Wa lden is a person only needs to live with the essentials. Thoreau writes to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms. Chris McCandless fits this idea because he only brings a backpack, a gun, a bag of rice, and a quiescence bag into the woods. Nature has a lot to teach is also a big idea of Walden. Thoreau writes and see if I could not learn what it had to teach. Chris McCandless fits this idea because he learns a lot of survival techniques while in personality and he lives and dies while in nature. One of the big ideas in self-importance Reliance is trust yourself. Emerson writes Trust thyself every heart vibrates to that iron string. Chris McCandless fits this idea because whenever he is offered help he declines it. Another big idea of egotism Reliance is do not be afraid to be diametrical and do not conform to others standards. Emerson writes Whoso would be a man essential be a nonconformist. Chris McCandless fits this idea because he does not care what other people think ab let out him and he did not conform to others expectations. For example his parents want him to go to college and he decides not to because he wants to go into the wild. Do not envy what others have is another big idea of egotism Reliance.Emerson writes There is a time in every mans education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance. Chris McCandless fits this idea because rejects supplies, his parents, his car, and help. One of the big ideas of Civil Disobedience is laws do not have to be followed because each person should make their own laws. Thoreau writes That government is best which governs not at all. Chris McCandless fits this idea because he goes to Mexico without a passport, he kayaks into Mexico, he fire his money, and he train hops.Another big idea of Civil Disobedience is the absolute majority is not always right and that people should follow their own impressions and thoughts. Thoreau writes When the precedent is once in the hands of the people, a majority are permitted, and for a long period continue, to rule, is not because they are most likely to be in the right, nor because this seems fairest to the minority, but because they are physically the strongest. Chris McCandless fits this idea because people whitethorn not support his way of life because it is against how the majority live.He lives differently in a lot of peoples eyes because he lives out in the woods instead of being with society. Based on his belief in the ideals of Walden, Self Reliance, and Civil Disobedience, Chris McCandless is a modern day transcendentalist. This reference of lifestyle is not all that abnormal. Many people in the macrocosm live just like Chris McCandless. They all want to get remote of society and live peacefully. The story of Chris McCandless gained popularity in the late 1990s. One think people are drawn to this story is because McCandless is a young jest at and lives such a different lifestyle.

Datril Case Essay

My recommendation to Marvin Koslow is to follow the outgrowth approach of determine Datril at par with acetaminophen ($2.85 retail scathe, $1.69 transaction apostrophize), supplement Bristol-Myers brand name, and positioning Datril as an analgesic with similar fill-in effects to the those of the already conquestful, aspirin-based Bufferin and Excedin, but more gentle on the stomach, and without the brass effects of aspirin. By doing so, Datril will primarily organise aspirin users, specifically those from Bufferins and Excedins current consumer base, who raise from upset stomach. I explain my rationale below. According to the case, when Datril was introduced to run passels per the schema I recommended, it failed to achieve the projected gross sales figures within the first month. Although I sacrifice no access to those sales projections, I could debate that the may reach been overoptimistic. The reason is that Tylenol was well established (8% market sh ar) in the analgesic market which has traditionally been dominated by aspirin-based products. Therefore, today competing against Tylenol at the same price is unlikely to result in quick market share and monetary gains within a month.Koslow should have allowed more time, say a medium run of 6 months to snap duration of the marketing expenses to be committed, before thinking about chemise to the other strategy. In addition, it can also be argued that the early success of Datril in the test market with the lower selling price may not be representative of its true performance over the medium to long run. Before defending my recommendation in detail, I would like to highlight the most prominent risk of introducing Datril as a cheaper alternative to Tylenol not accounting for the competitors repositioning or defensive marketing strategies. Those could include the following o One of the quickest responses that McNeil Labs could come up with is to reduce the price to trade, and afterward the selli ng price, of Tylenol to match that of Datril. Doing so could result is public accusations of fictional advertize, thereby reversing the quick gains that Datril could make, and potentially wasting the $6 one million million million on inaccurate communication of information to the public, which could potentially result in insulted, angry and dissatisfied customers due the feeling that they have been deceived.Bristol-Myers will have to incur the cost of pulling all current advertisements, and an additional cost of having to launch another advertising campaign. o McNeil could also respond by changing its currently conservative advertising approach (i.e. focusing on physicians and trade) by aggressively advertising Tylenol to the public, exploiting the fact that its current advertising expenditure is less than $2 million a year and mayhap even utilizing the power and expertise of the mother company, Johnson & Johnson. This could potentially solidify the sales and market share of Tyle nol, making it an even tougher competition to Datril. Given Tylenols market share, the speed of executing either one of the above strategies, or two together, could heavily minimize Datrils brainwave of the market. Furthermore, per Exhibit A, Datril will need to sell 13.3 million bottles (at a trade cost of $1.05) or 60 million (at a trade cost of 70 cents) just to break-even.This is highly inefficient, in terms of both numbers contribution margin, compared to Tylenol. Moreover, given the actual quantities of Tylenol sold in 1974 (around 19.1 million bottles per Exhibit B), Datrils achievement of break-even quantities seems even more doubtful, given the risks highlighted above. Quality cannot be a differentiation because both products are virtually identical as pain relievers therefore the best strategy is to combine the well-established reputation of Bristol-Myers, the well-known effectiveness of Bufferin and Excedin, with the value or differentiation being the gentleness of the product on upset stomach.Furthermore, Bristol-Myers possesses a large consumer base for its aspirin-based products, a base that is larger than that of McNeil Labs Tylenol users. This is Bristol-Myers important competitive advantage its own consumers who may suffer from the typical side effects of aspirin. Targeting those specific customers and communicating to them the value of eliminated side effects should be Datrils positioning and differentiating strategy. Cannibalization from Bufferin and Excedin, should it happen, should not necessarily be viewed negatively, since my recommended selling price of $2.85 is double that of these aspirin products.Exhibit A Break-Even abridgment for Tylenol and the different pricing scenarios for Datril (per bottle of 100 pills) Breakeven analysis for Product Tylenol Approach 1 Same price as Tylenol Approach 2a Cheaper than Tylenol Approach 2b Cheaper w/lowered trade cost $ $ $ $ Unit Cost (Variable Cost) 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 Trade Cost (Sell ing Price to Retailers) $ 1.69 $ 1.69 $ 1.05 $ 0.70 quick-frozen Cost (Advertising) 2,000,000 6,000,0006,000,000 6,000,000 Break-Even Quantity Fixed Cost/(Trade Cost-Unit Cost) 1,834,862 5,504,587 13,333,333 60,000,000 Contribution Margin (Unit) 64% 64% 43% 14%

How an Outside Influence Acts as a Powerful Force

Within Othello Iago appears cunning, the confidence he has allows him to act as an outside force manipulating the relationship between Othello and Desdemona. The interpretations of the outside cast be questionable throughout the three texts. The issue in The Great Gatsby of whether Jay Gatsby corrupts Daisy and gobbler Buchanans marriage because he loves her or whether she is a material confide and whether Jeds mental state or Joes rationality in Enduring crawl in is to blame for the corruption between the contemporary couple, Joe and Clarissa. Iagos ability to observe allows him to gain control of Othello and determinek revenge.Whether this is for the goodness of his biotic community or due to jealousy is unknown. However, through language, form and structure it is exhaust that a gradual decay in both love and morality takes place. Iagos performance creates the impression that he is a heartless oddball as no true friendship, love or morals be shown. I am not what I am, he is a devious onlooker who aims to destruct happiness, yet the crusade for this remains uncertain. Iago endure be classified as an outside force due to his trick and cruel intentions, which often only the audience is aw ar of due to his undercover actions. Beware my lord of jealousy it is the green-eyed monster. The audience is positioned to see that William Shakespeare is presenting irony as Iago is warning others of jealousy, when perhaps he is tied passel by his own. Utilising personification also foreshadows the cruel intention Iago has to damage the rejoicing in Othellos life. A clever choice of words allows Iago to picture the impression that he is a loyal and honest man. Throughout the crook he sets the stage to ensure Othello and Desdemonas relationship becomes corrupt, denying himself of any responsibility.This contrasts to Jed outwit in Enduring Love. Lead by his belief in God, a strong emotional attachment is made with Joe, one which Jed is persistently honest ab out. With the belief that God has sent me to you Jed ignores Joes resistance and does not seek revenge, instead rejection brings him closer to Joe. This categorises Jed as a contemporary villain, as he goes against traditional values of a villain. Perhaps, due to Iago conforming to the constituted idea of a Shakespearian villain, the reader may classify him as a more effective outside.He places himself outside of situations he observes, manipulates and watches Othello crumble. Whereas Enduring Love presents a contemporary villain who moves beyond traditional expectations of causing sorrowfulness bitterness is replaced with calm tones, Love has given me new eyes, I see with such clarity, in such detail. Jeds bizarre cost arguably challenges the reader more than Iagos evasive behaviour. Written in 1603, Othello touched upon a major issue in Europe of this cadence period the intermingling of Muslim religion and culture with the West.Ironically, Othello is sent to protect the Veneti ans from the influence of Muslim Turks even though he is the Moor. Iago uses the issue of Othellos race to present him as a misfit Awake the snorting citizens with the bell, or else the devil will make a grandsire of you. Shakespeare plays on sixteenth light speed beliefs through the symbolism of the devil. It was thought that often the devil took the spring and form of a black man. Insensitive words corrupt Othellos reputation of valiant. Othello has determination, loyalty and commitment towards his well-off Desdemona.This causes him to resist 16th century attitudes tawards race. Let him do his spiteI love thee gentle Desdemona. Repelling obstacles is key to achieving an idyllic relationship. Jay Gatsby is similar to Othello, not in race, only if due to issues of kind class. Jay Gatsby represents the new rich from West Egg, he lacks kind connections so he flaunts his wealth. This is an issue F. Scott Fitzgerald mocks throughout, as this novel presents a social commentary upon the corrupt state of materialism in the 1920s.Fitzgerald uses many references to cartridge clip throughout the novel. Fitzgerald delivers the message that everything in this lifestyle is temporary emotions, actions, parties, or feelings, because they are all fuelled through material objects. Nick Carraway, the narrator describes Jay Gatsby as, running blue like an over-wound clock. The simile signifies both Gatsbys consuming liking to stop time and his inability to do so. This may be the reason why he is selfish in pursuing Daisy as he has no respect for Tom, who lives in East Egg, a place for the completed upper class.

Emma and Clueless

Transformations often strike familiar themes but reflect those themes in a different scene in order to resonate the values and interests of that society. Thus, context dictates form and heart as sound as the values inherent in the texts. Amy Heckerlings, twentieth century American film, uninformed is a transformation of Jane Austens orthodox Regency England, Emma. The use of different techniques and specialty allow Emmas themes of personal growth, well-disposed structure and the role of women in society to be conveyed in a more appropriate form in Clueless.The main characters, Emma and Cher are representational products of their society and parallels can be drawn in the opening scenes, in particular in relation to self-knowledge. The Bildungsroman progression from delusion to social awareness is a universal value in both texts despite their differing contexts. Emma is introduced as handsome, clever, and comfortable who had a dis plaza to think a little too well of herself. Austens satiric refinement as the omniscient narrator alerts the responder to Emmas inability to understand her position in society. Furthermore, while Emma successfully matches Mr. Weston and Ms.Taylor, her motives are superficial as she sees it as the greatest amusement in the world She also believes Harriets beauty should non be work-shy on the inferior society, and it would be interesting and highly congruous to improve her. Austen employs verbal irony through Emmas communication, which exposes her flaws of arrogance and shallowness. However, Emma in conclusion develops self awareness as shown when she realizes her mis puddle of matching Harriet with Mr. Elton and influencing her to refuse a suitable marriage with Mr. Martin. There is a similar character growing in Cher despite the difference in context.Heckerling implements voice overs to create an speedy sense of irony when Chers way normal life for a teenage girl is juxtaposed with a dolly-tracking shot of her ch oosing outfits from a data processor operated wardrobe in a grand bedroom. In doing so, Heckerling continues Austens satirical mode by foregrounding Chers lack of social awareness. This is get on reinforced through her dialogue, I rich person directiontowards the mall and Dionnes statement, Chers main thrill in life is a make-overit gives her a sense of control in a world full of sanatorium, which imply her superficial obsession with image and materialistic values.Chers utmost ability to see beyond the superficial and realize her mistakes I was meet totally clueless is parallel to Emmas reconciliation to society and its values. confusable to Austen, Heckerling reflects values that are consistent with any age and time- the absolute compulsion for recent people to gain social awareness. Social hierarchy in Regency England was permanent and immobile. It was governed by strict rules of adherence to rank and place, and was determined by birthright and inheritance. Miss.Churchil l and master copy Westons marriage challenged the social hierarchy ascribable to a large social imbalance in their marriage, and through auctorial intrusion, it was deemed an unsuitable connection and did not produce much happiness. Austen demonstrates the virtually impervious social structure through her criticism of the Coles and that it was not for them to arrange the foothold on which the superior families would visit them, indicating that money gained through trade and not birthright, doesnt indicate status.Emmas high modality and contemptuous tone employed when she claims the yeomanry are precisely the order of people with whom I sense of smell I can have nothing to do further highlights the rigidness on course of instruction interactions. Finally, Harriets marriage to Mr. Martin, a farmer, results in the disadvantage of friendship between Emma and Harriet as stated by Austens authorial intrusion, the intimacy between her and Emma must sink. This epitomizes the clea r demarcation of status and that Emma shouldnt associate with Harriet due to their differing social status. Chers world also has a class structure that underpins her society.This idea is explored through the camera panning out to take long shots of the rigid societal tiers, whilst Cher introduces Tai to the stratified social groups at school including the Persia mafia, the crew and the loadies. Eltons indignant tone conveys class thought in his rhetorical questions towards Cher as she suggests Tai as a romantic partner, Why Tai? Do you know who my father is? Later, Cher is put away in a carpark by Elton, and the far shot of a blink neon sign of a clown symbolizes societys trick of her attempt to undermine a defined system of class.Clearly, class consciousness pervades both societies, especially in selecting romantic partners. Regency England dictated the position of women in society by strict codes of conduct. Primarily, women of Emmas class were constrained by societys expecta tions of a match within their social class. Captain Westons marriage to Miss. Churchill is juxtaposed to Miss. Taylors, thus allowing Austen to comment on the pistillate and male positions in society, in that women are meant to be passive and have less say in their marriage. According to Mr.Westons idea, its being a great deal better to chuse than to be chosen, to excite gratitude than to timbre it, hence demonstrating the double moral standard prevalent in society. Furthermore, Emmas sister, Isabella, is married to John Weston, and through authorial intrusion, Austen comments that Isabella always thinks as he does demonstrating a womens duty as a wife. The use of dialogue in Mr. Knightleys warning to Emma, Men of family would not be genuinely fond of connecting themselves with a girl of such obscurityHarriet, exemplifies societys expectation of women to interact within their own social class.On the other hand, Clueless doesnt offer the restricted patriarchal world of Austen as young women could be independent, outspoken and have many more choices, including marriage. The focus of the medium shot on Cher as she struts down the schoolyard in her vibrant icteric costuming portrays her outgoing attitude. The eye contact of male passerbys creates vectors and the comment As if highlight Chers disgust at their attention, exemplifying womens license to take their romantic partners. This idea is reinforced by Chers comment on Dionnes relationship, Dee, you could do so much better. Contrary to Austen, Heckerling recognizes the change in the position of women in society in that they have more freedom in their social behavior and relationships. In conclusion, Emma and Clueless offer sonorous and satirical insights into their respective contexts. While the pauperization for social stability and the need for young people to gain social awareness, remain unchanged, but the position of women in society has shifted dramatically. Such ideas are reinforced by the diff erent mediums, both of which effectively reflect the themes and values of that context.

Pros and Cons of Partnership as a Form of Ownership Essay

Q.1 Identify the pros and cons of the alliance as a condition of ownership?A partnership is organize when cardinal or more bulk engage in a art activity and sh atomic number 18 investment, service and loss. Just like any newfangled(prenominal) form of ownership, it has its advantages and disadvantages. by-line we discuss some of the pros and cons of a partnership.Pros of the Partnership(1) quilt of Formation Partnership is comparatively simple to form. All you need to form a partnership is an agreement. A verbal agreement is enough to fix a partnership however it is very untold recommended that partnership be formed based on a written legal partnership agreement.(2) financial realise Partnerships frequently have a depleted wampumup monetary value. With deuce or more people investing capital in the company, the air pull up stakes have a much stronger financial ground. Two or more people chiffonier as well have better access to after-school(prenominal) funds ne cessary to disembowel the business(3) Divided Responsibility In a partnership responsibilities of speed a business are shared step to the fore by the owners. Shared responsibilities ease the conk load on individuals and butt end also increase intersection pointivity by splitting responsibilities in a stylus that individuals can exercise their special skills to maximize the kayoedput.(4) Support Owning and running a business can be very demanding, challenging and stressful. Having a business partner can give you a little two-eyed violet of mind beca engagement a partner can provide moral support when needed.(5) Taxation The income service/loss in a partnership flows through and through the business to individual partners for taxation. In other words the partners are taxed simply on the raw material of face-to-face income i-e how much loss or profit a partner endured.Cons of Partnership(1) Liability In a partnership both partners have un-limited liability (not in LP and LLP). Both partners are amenable for not only their own actions but also the actions of their partners. So, if your partner fails to remuneration a debt, you personally are responsible for paying that debt and vice versa. If soul sues the partnership and the business doesnt have enough coin to conduct the expenses than the partners personal as particularizes allow be at stake.(2) Conflicts and Disagreements Partnerships are for the coarse terminal figure and over the course of epoch conflicts arise and disagreement happens. Whether these are personal or management style conflicts. They can adversely affect the business. When general partners dont agree it can delay the decision take shape time of the company and a bad conflict is enough to dispel a partnership.(3) Dependence on Partners The success of any partnership depends intempe layly on contribution from all partners. If a partner withdraws the business will be crippled, if a partner dies the partnership can die wi th him. notwithstanding you cant make any business decision on your own youre dependent on your partner.(4) Difficulty Withdrawing It is not that open to jack off out of a partnership. Whoever needs to withdraw will be personally liable for any monetary obligations due at the time of withdrawl.Q.2 Discuss funding options for small business?In order to run a business you need capital. Getting the money together to start a new business is the top priority of any entrepreneur. thither are several ways to finance a small business. Following are some options for financing a small business.(1) Personal Resources exploitation your own assets is the most common form of small business financing. You can use money from your saving, ask family or friends for capital or use a credit card.(2) Loans In order to startup a new business, entrepreneur borrows money from the banks. The banks charge an refer rate on the money lent. The business owner mustiness pay the original money borrowed con firming the accumulated interest over the life of the contribute. In todays economy it is not easy to secure a commercial loan with the bank. A better and easier way for a new business to get a bank loan is with loan guarantee from the SBA.(3) apotheosiss Investors Another way to fund a small business is by private investors. Angel Investors are individuals who have a lot of money and are feeling to invest a large amount into a profitable business for financial gain and profits.(4) Venture Capital The companies who fund promising and blue potential companies in exchange for ownership shares are k immediatelyn as venture capital firms. Venture capital is the money provided by venture capital firms to startup businesses that are perceived to have a long term growth potential. It has a high risk for investor but also has potential for above average profit returns.3. Determine and discuss how managerial be can help managers with increase tolling, incremental analysis and budgeti ng?managerial accounting provides accounting reading needed by managers inside an geological formation to run its day to day operations. It provides managers with financial breedings needed to make sound business decisions. Managerial accounting information includes budgeting, harvest-home costing, performance reports, variance analysis and financial ratios.Following we look at three managerial duties that rely on information received from managerial accounting(1) harvest-feast Costing Product costing is the butt of accurately position the cost of a single result, by analyzing all the expenses that accumulated from the beginning (raw material) to the end (sale). In traditional costing method corroborative be are applied to products, based on an overhead rate that is predetermined. The traditional costing system is easier and much simpler but fails to add the cost of non-manufacturing goods that are associated with the production of that item.(2) Activity base Costing Act ivity Based Costing is a new method in costing. Its much more complicated that the traditional costing system. ABC gives a much more accurate product cost. Under activity based accounting associated with production of an item is determined and priced. This priced activity is than assigned to every product that requires the prices activity for production. Managerial accounting provides managers with the financial information needed to determine the cost of a manufactured product.(3) Incremental abbreviation Incremental Analysis is a decision making tool. It is used for the analysis of financial information needed to make an informed decision. In incremental analysis two different options are weighed out in terms of cost/profit and the impact of the outcome of this analysis will have on a particular decision.It basically points our related cost and revenue of each alternative and the impact this alternative will have on future income. afterward using incremental analysis and choosi ng one alternative over the other. The cost change that occurs due to choosing the alternative is called incremental cost. Managerial accounting provides us with the numbers needed to compare two different alternatives, pick the in force(p) one and analyze the difference in cost.Budgeting It helps managers plan and control costs and revenues. Budgeting is a tool for managers to determine how much money needs to be spent in order to generate a certain train of income. Budgeting in simple terms can be called forecasting in budgeting we prepare a very full pointed statement of financial results that are likely to happen in a time period to come. Companies use budget to plan for a future period based on financial statements. Managerial accounting provides managers with the financial statement for budgeting.Q4. Discuss the basic components of the selling process using the product or service of your natural selection as an example? market strategy can be expound as an activity to p osition a product, attract customers while promoting the interest of stakeholders in a business. Marketing makes it possible to communicate the value of a product or service to consumers.Following the basic components of marketing process is explained briefly using artificial jewellery as a product.(1) Product scheme Methodologies, tools and technology used by a business to break up and distinguish its product from its competitors, is called product strategy. In terms of artificial jewellery my strategy would be to describe my product in full detail including where it was made, who it was designed by and what metals were used in its formation. I would also set my product apart by choosing appealing packaging and I would approve the quality of my product by giving guarantees. And above all I would provide exemplary product designs and excellent customer service.(2) Pricing scheme Pricing Strategy is very important in marketing because it generates a turnover for the company and its also important because it affects other components of marketing as well. In terms of artificial jewellery first I would do a thorough research on competition prices, than I would calculate my final cost and select a pricing objective. I would compare my sale price with that of my competitors, and make sure that my price is dishonor than the competitors and value of my product is higher than the competition. Initially, I would keep my profitability low and will try to build clientele base by providing unvanquishable prices.(3) Distribution Strategy Distribution plays a very important theatrical role in marketing strategy. It involves how well the final product is delivered to the consumer. The product must be delivered to the end user in the right quantity, at the purify date and time. In terms of artificial jewelry most of my sales will be distributed at shows and festivals organized by different entities and a major part of my sales is also going to be mesh based. I will c ontact different shipping companies to find out the best courier in terms of price and value. And ship my jewelry through the best medium, at minimum amount of tie.(4) Promotion Strategy Promotion Strategy is also vital part of marketing. A progress strategy includes all the ways used by companies to provide information about their product in such a way that it would lastly increase the companys sale. In terms of artificial jewelry I would offer some sort of coupon and advertise my discount. oblation free shipping (when possible), maintain customer relations and send out promotional information to existing clients.Q.5 Discuss the role of social responsibility and technology in the marketing function.Social Responsibility in Marketing Being socially responsible for an organization means that it cares and shows concerns about the people and environment in which they conduct business. Marketing can be expound as promotion, selling and distribution of a product.Social responsibiliti es in marketing would first of all include truth telling about their product , all the information about the product should be correct and up to date. Companies should be concerned about their environment and take steps to make a cleaner. Companies should also show support for social causes in marketing. follow should market their product in a way that it doesnt relegate any group of people.engineering in Marketing The technological inflate in the past years had definitely revolutionized marketing. The internet has created numerous marketing opportunities for businesses. Now days there are numerous marketing firms that work exclusively on the internet. At first radio changed marketing, than TV and now its the age of hand held devices and internet.Marketers now days know that continuous technological advances require evolution in the marketing process. With technological advances its much simpler and quicker to get customer feedback. It is much simpler to deliver the product to t he customer and to do market research and maintain your brand reputation. Technology had had a great impact on marketing.

Philippine Literature In The Spanish Colonial Period Essay

The existing belles-lettres of the Philippine ethnic companys at the date of conquest and conversion into Christianity was primarily ad-lib, consisting of epics, legends, songs, riddles, and settlerbs. The conquistador, especi all in ally its ecclesiastical arm, destroyed whatsoever scripted literature he could find, and hence rendered the system of paper inopercapable. Among the lonesome(prenominal) native systems of paper that have survived ar the syllabaries of the Mindoro Mangyans and the Tagbanua of Palawan. The Spanish colonial scheme was to undermine the native oral tradition by substituting for it the tier of the Passion of Christ. Although Christ was by no means war- wish well or sexually attr quick as many of the heroes of the oral epic tradition, the pull of the saviour myth inhered in the protagonists superior magic by promising eternal heart for e very(prenominal)one, he democratized the power to rise supra conclusion. It is to be emphasized, however, that the native tradition survived and tied(p) flourished in argonas inaccessible to the colonial power. Moreover, the tardiness and the lack of assiduity of the colonial administration in making a public teaching methodal system hit meant the survival of oral tradition, or what was left of it, among the conquered tribes.The church authorities adopted a policy of facing pages the Church doctrines by communicating to the native (pejoratively cal lead Indio) in his make language. Doctrina Christiana (1593), the off model book to be printed in the Philippines, was a prayerbook written in Spanish with an accompanying Tagalog translation. It was, however, for the exclusive purpose of the missionaries who invariably read them obstreperously to the unlettered Indio catechu workforces (Medina), who were to rely mainly on their memory. But the task of translating unearthly instructional materials obliged the Spanish missionaries to take a most hard-nosed step, that of employing nat ive speakers as translators. Eventually, the native translator learned to read and carry done two in Spanish and his native language. (Forms of Literature)This development marked the fountain of Indio literacy and thus spurred the creation of the root written literary native text edition by the native. These generators, called ladinos beca employ of their fluency in bothSpanish and Tagalog, published their work, mainly devotional poetry, in the first decade of the 17th century. Among the earlier writers of degrade were Francisco de San Jose and Francisco Bagongbata (Medina).But by far the most gifted of these native poet-translators was Gaspar Aquino de Belen (Lumbera, p.14). Mahal Na Pasion ni Jesu Christo, a Tagalog poem based on Christs passion, was published in 1704. This long poem, original and folksy in its rendition of a humanized, indeed, a nativized Jesus, is a milestone in the history of Philippine letters. Ironically and perhaps just because of its profound pla y on the favourite imagination as artifact it marks the beginning of the end of the obsolete mythological culture and a conversion to the new paradigm introduced by the colonial power. Until the 19th century, the printing presses were owned and managed by the religious orders. Thus, religious root words dominated the culture of the Christianized majority. But the native oral literature, whether secular or mythico-religious continued. Even among the Christianized ethnic groups, the oral tradition persisted in such forms as legends, sayings, wedding songs such as the balayan and parlor theater such as the duplo.In the 18th century, secular literature from Spain in the form of gothic ballads inspired the native poetic-drama form called the komedya, later to be called moro-moro because these often dealt with the theme of Christians triumphing over Moslems. (Peronality) Jose de la Cruz (1746 1829) was the best exponent of the komedya during his time. A poet of prodigious proceeds and urbane style, de la Cruz marks a turning point in that his elevated diction distinguishes his work from folk idiom (as for instance, that of Gaspar Aquino de Belen). Yet his appeal to the non-literate was universal. The popularity of the dramatic form, of which he was a repress, was due to it world experienced as performance both by the lettered minority and the illiterate just now genuinely appreciative majority. Francisco Baltazar (1788 1862), popularly called Balagtas, is the ac fellowshipd master of handed-down Tagalog poetry. Of idyl origins, he left his hometown in Bigaa, Bulacan for Manila, with a strong determination to remediate his lot done education. To support his studies, he worked as a internal servant in Tondo.He steeped himself in classical studies in schools of prestige in the capital. Great social and political changes in the world worked together to make Balagtas c atomic number 18er as poetpossible. The industrial diversity had ca utilize a promi nent style of commerce in the globe, creating wealth and the opportunity for material dear(p) in the life of the working classes. With these great material changes, social serve were transformed, allowing greater social mobility. In improvident, he was a child of the spherical bourgeois revolution. Liberal ideas, in time, broke class and, in the Philippines even up racial barriers (Medina). The word Philippine, which used to refer to a restricted group (i.e., Spaniards born in the Philippines) expanded to include not only the acculturated besotted Chinese mestizo further too the acculturated Indio (Medina). Balagtas was one of the first Indios to fetch a Filipino. But the crucial element in Balagtas unique virtuoso is that, existence caught between two cultures (the native and the colonial/classical), he could replace codes (or was perceived by his compatriot audience to be switching codes), provide appreciation and information to his oppressed compatriots in the v ery style and guise of a tradition provided him by a foreign (and oppressive) culture.His narrative poem Florante at Laura written in sublime Tagalog, is ab step to the fore tyranny in Albanya, but it is withal perceived to be about tyranny in his Filipino homeland (Lumbera). Despite the foreign influence, however, he remained true to his native traditions. His rime plays were performed to the motley crowd. His poems were sung by the literate for the benefit of the unlettered. The metrical rule and rhyme performed their age- ageing mnemonic function, despite and because of the institution of printing. Printing overtook tradition. The printed page, by itself, became the mnemonic device, the stage set for the development of prose. The first Filipino tonic was Ninay, written in Spanish by Pedro Paterno, a Philippine-bornilustrado (Medina p. 93). Following the slushy style of his first book Sampaguitas (a collection of poems in Spanish), the novel endeavored to shine up the endeari ngly unique qualities of Filipinos. National Hero Jose Rizal (1861 1896) chose the realistic novel as his medium. Choosing Spanish over Tagalog meant challenging the oppressors on the latters own turf.By writing in prose, Rizal also cut his ties with the Balagtas tradition of the poetic indirection which veiled the supposed subversiveness of many writings at that time. Rizals two novels, the Noli Me Tangere and its sequel El Filibusterismo, chronicle the life and ultimate death of Ibarra, a Filipino better abroad, who attempts to reformhis country through education. At the conclusion of the Noli, his efforts end in near-death and exile from his country. In the Filibusterismo, he returns later on reinventing himself as Simoun, the fatty jeweler, and hastens social decay by further vitiate the social fabric till the oppressed react violently to turn back the system. But the insurrection is foiled and Simoun suffers a violent death. In a sense, Rizals novels and patriotic poems were the inevitable conclusion to the campaign for big(p) reforms know as the Propaganda Movement, waged by Graciano canterz Jaena, and M.H. del Pilar.The two novels so vividly portrayed decadency and oppression that despite the lack of any clear advocacy, they served to instill the execration that there could be no solution to the social ills but a violent one. Following closely on the failed reformist movement, and on Rizals novels, was the Philippine revolution headed by Andres Bonifacio (1863 1897). His closest aide, the college-bred Emilio Jacinto (1875 1899), was the revolutionary organizations ideologue. Both were admirers of Rizal, and like Rizal, both were writers and social critics profoundly influenced by the liberal ideas of the French enlightenment, about human dignity. Bonifacios most important work be his poems, the most easily-know being Pag-Ibig Sa Tinubuang Lupa.Jacinto wrote political essays expressed in the language of the folk. Significantly, although e ither writer could have written in Spanish (Bonifacio, for instance, wrote a Tagalog translation of Rizals Ultimo Adios), both chose to communicate to their fellowmen in their own native language. The figure of Rizal dominates Philippine literature until the present day. Liberalism led to education of the native and the ascendancy of Spanish. But Spanish was undermined by the very ideas of liberation that it helped spread, and its decline led to nativism and a renaissance of literature in the native languages. The turn of the century witnessed not only the Philippine revolution but a quieter though no less significant outbreak. The educate women of the closure produced significant poetry. Gregoria de Jesus, wife of Andres Bonifacio, wrote notable Tagalog poetry. Meanwhile, in Vigan of the Ilocano North, Leona Florentino, by her poetry, became the first of all Ilocano writer of her time.Philippine literary labor during the American Period in the Philippines was spurred by two sig nificant developments in education and culture. One is the introduction of necessitous public instruction for all children of school age and two, the use of face as medium of instruction in all levels of education in public schools. Free public education made knowledge and information accessible to a greater number of Filipinos. Those who availed of this education through college were able to improve their social status and joined a good number of educated masses who became part of the countrys center class.The use of incline as medium of instruction introduced Filipinos to Anglo-American modes of thought, culture and life ways that would be embedded not only in the literature produced but also in the psyche of the countrys educated class. It was this educated class that would be the wellspring of a vibrant Philippine Literature in English. Philippine literature in English, as a direct resolving power of American colonization of the country, could not escape being imitative of American models of writing especially during its check of apprenticeship. The poetry written by early poets manifested studied attempts at versification as in the pursual poem which is certainty of the poets rather elementary exercise in the English language Vacation days at last are here,And we have time for fun so dear,All boys and girls do fain cheer,This welcomed season of the year.In early June in school well meetA harder task shall we completeAnd if we fail we must repeatThat self aforesaid(prenominal) task without retreat.We simply rest to come againTo school where boys and girls inviteThe Creators gift to menWhose sanguine hopes in us remain.Vacation means a time for playFor young and old in night and dayMy wish for all is to be gay,And flagitious none lead you astray Juan F. Salazar Philippines Free Press, May 9, 1909The poem was anthologized in the first collection of poetry in English, Filipino Poetry, edited by Rodolfo Dato (1909 1924). Among the poets featured i n this anthology were Proceso Sebastian Maximo Kalaw, Fernando Maramag, Leopoldo Uichanco, Jose Ledesma, Vicente Callao, Santiago Sevilla, Bernardo Garcia, Francisco Africa, Pablo Anzures, Carlos P. Romulo, Francisco Tonogbanua, Juan Pastrana, Maria Agoncillo, Paz Marquez Benitez, Luis Dato and many others. Another anthology, The English German Anthology of Poets edited by Pablo Laslo was published and covered poets published from 1924-1934 among whom were Teofilo D. Agcaoili, Aurelio Alvero, Horacio de la Costa, Amador T. Daguio, Salvador P. Lopez, Angela Manalang Gloria, Trinidad Tarrosa, Abelardo Subido and Jose Garcia Villa, among others. A third pre-war collection of poetry was edited by Carlos Bulosan, refrain for America Six Philippine Poets. The six poets in this collection were Jose Garcia Villa, Rafael Zulueta da Costa, Rodrigo T. Feria, C.B. Rigor, Cecilio Baroga and Carlos Bulosan.In fiction, the terminus of apprenticeship in literary writing in English is marked by im itation of the style of storytelling and strict adherence to the foxiness of the hornswoggle story as practiced by popular American fictionists. Early short story writers in English were often dubbed as the Andersons or Saroyans or the Hemingways of Philippine letters. Leopoldo Yabes in his study of the Philippine short story in English from 1925 to 1955 points to these models of American fiction exerting profound influence on the early writings of story writers like Francisco Arcellana, A.E. Litiatco, Paz Latorena. . When the University of the Philippines was founded in 1908, an elite group group of writers in English began to exert influence among the culturati. The U.P. Writers Club founded in 1926, had stated that one of its aims was to enhance and propagate the language of Shakespeare. In 1925, Paz Marquez Benitez short story, Dead Stars was published and was made the landmark of the maturity of the Filipino writer in English. Soon after Benitez, short story writers began pub lishing stories no longer imitative of American models.Thus, story writers like Icasiano Calalang, A.E. Litiatco, Arturo Rotor, Lydia Villanueva, Paz Latorena , Manuel Arguilla began publishing storiesmanifesting both skilled use of the language and a keen Filipino sensibility. This junto of writing in a borrowed tongue while dwelling on Filipino customs and traditions earmarked the literary output of major Filipino fictionists in English during the American period. Thus, the major novels of the period, such as the Filipino Rebel, by Maximo Kalaw, and His Native Soil by Juan C. Laya, are preachings on cultural identity, nationhood and being Filipino done in the English language. Stories such as How My fellow Leon Brought Home a Wife by Manuel Arguilla scanned the scenery as well as the folkways of Ilocandia while N.V. M. Gonzaless novels and stories such as Children of the Ash cover Loam, present the panorama of Mindoro, in all its customs and traditions while configuring its cha racters in the human dilemma of nostalgia and poverty.Apart from Arguilla and Gonzales, noted fictionists during the period included Francisco Arcellana, whom Jose Garcia Villa lauded as a genius storyteller, Consorcio Borje, Aida Rivera, Conrado Pedroche, Amador Daguio, Sinai Hamada, Hernando Ocampo, Fernando Maria Guerrero. Jose Garcia Villa himself wrote several short stories but consecrate most of his time to poetry. In 1936, when the Philippine Writers League was organized, Filipino writers in English began discussing the value of literature in society. Initiated and led by Salvador P. Lopez, whose essays on Literature and Society provoked debates, the discussion centered on actor literature, i.e., engaged or committed literature versus the art for arts sake literary orientation. But this discussion curiously left out the disoblige of colonialism and colonial literature and the whole place of literary writing in English under a colonial set-up that was the Philippines then. W ith Salvador P. Lopez, the essay in English gained the upper hand in day to day discourse on politics and governance.Polemicists who used to write in Spanish like Claro M. Recto, slowly started using English in the discussion of current events even as newspaper dailies moved away from Spanish reporting into English. Among the essayists, Federico Mangahas had an slowly facility with the language and the essay as genre. Other noted essayists during the period were Fernando Maramag, Carlos P. Romulo , Conrado Ramirez. On the other hand, the flowering of a vibrant literary tradition due to historical events did not altogether hamper literary production in the native or indigenous languages. In fact, the early period of the 20th century wasremarkable for the significant literary output of all major languages in the various literary genre. (Forms Of lit) It was during the early American period that seditious plays, using the form of the zarsuwela, were mounted. Zarsuwelistas Juan Abad, A urelio Tolentino ,Juan Matapang Cruz. Juan Crisostomo Sotto mounted the classics like Tanikalang Ginto, Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas and Hindu Ako Patay, all directed against the American imperialists.Patricio Marianos Anak ng Dagat and Severino Reyess Walang Sugat are equally remarkable zarsuwelas staged during the period. On the eve of World state of war II, Wilfredo Maria Guerrero would gain dominance in theatre through his one-act plays which he toured through his mobile theatre. Thus, Wanted a Chaperone and The Forsaken raise became very popular in campuses throughout the archipelago. The novel in Tagalog, Iloko, Hiligaynon and Sugbuanon also developed during the period aided largely by the steady issuing of weekly magazines like the Liwayway, Bannawag and Bisaya which serialized the novels. Among the early Tagalog novelists of the 20th century were Ishmael Amado, Valeriano Hernandez Pea, Faustino Aguilar, Lope K. Santos and Lazaro Francisco. Ishmael Amados Bulalakaw ng Pag-asa published in 1909 was one of the earliest novels that dealt with the theme of American imperialism in the Philippines.The novel, however, was not released from the printing press until 1916, at which time, the author, by his own admission and after having been sent as a pensionado to the U.S., had other ideas apart from those he wrote in the novel. Valeriano Hernandez Peas Nena at Neneng narrates the story of two women who happened to be best of friends as they cope with their relationships with the men in their lives. Nena succeeds in her married life while Neneng suffers from a puffy marriage because of her jealous husband. Faustino Aguilar published Pinaglahuan, a love triangle set in the early years of the century when the workers movement was being formed. The novels hero, Luis Gatbuhay, is a worker in a printery who isimprisoned for a false accusation and loses his love, Danding, to his rival Rojalde, son of a wealthy capitalist. Lope K. Santos, Banaag at Sikat has almost the same theme and motif as the hero of the novel, Delfin, also falls in love with a rich woman, daughter of a wealthy landlord. The love story of course is set also within the background of development of the workers softwood union movementand throughout the novel, Santos engages the readers in lengthy treatises and discourses on socialism and capitalism.Many other Tagalog novelists wrote on variations of the same theme, i.e., the interplay of fate, love and social justice. Among these writers are Inigo Ed Regalado, Roman Reyes, Fausto J. Galauran, Susana de Guzman, Rosario de Guzman-Lingat, Lazaro Francisco, Hilaria Labog, Rosalia Aguinaldo, Amado V. Hernandez. Many of these writers were able to produce three or more novels as Soledad Reyes would bear out in her book which is the result of her dissertation, Ang Nobelang Tagalog (1979). Among the Iloko writers, noted novelists were Leon Pichay, who was also the regions poet laureate then, Hermogenes Belen, and Mena Pecson Crisologo whose Mining wenno Ayat ti Kararwa is considered to be the Iloko version of a Noli me Tangere. In the Visayas, Magdalena Jalandoni and Ramon Muzones would lead most writers in writing the novels that dwelt on the themes of love, courtship, life in the farmlands, and other social upheavals of the period. wave Navarra wrote stories and novels in Sugbuhanon. Poetry in all languages continued to flourish in all regions of the country during the American period. The Tagalogs, hailing Francisco F. Balagtas as the nations initiative poet invented the balagtasan in his honor.Thebalagtasan is a debate in verse, a poetical rock done almost spontaneously between protagonists who debate over the pros and cons of an issue. The first balagtasan was held in March 1924 at the Instituto de Mujeres, with Jose Corazon de Jesus and Florentino Collantes as rivals, bubuyog (bee) and paru-paro (butterfly) aiming for the love of kampupot (jasmine). It was during this balagtasan that Jose Corazon de Jesu s, known as Huseng Batute, emerged triumphant to become the first king of the Balagtasan. Jose Corazon de Jesus was the finest master of the genre. He was later followed by balagtasistas, Emilio Mar Antonio and Crescenciano Marquez, who also became King of the Balagtasan in their own time. As Huseng Batute, de Jesus also produced the finest poems and lyrics during the period. His debates with Amado V. Hernandez on the political issue of independence from America and nationhood were mostly done in verse and are testament to the vitality of Tagalog poetry during the era.Lope K. Santos, epic poem, Ang Panggingera is also proof of how poets of the period have come to master the language to be able to translate it into effective poetry. The balagtasan would beechoed as a poetical festival and would be duplicated in the Ilocos as thebukanegan, in honor of Pedro Bukaneg, the supposed interpreter of the epic, Biag ni Lam-ang and theCrissottan, in Pampanga, in honor of the esteemed poet of the Pampango, Juan Crisostomo Sotto. In 1932, Alejandro G. Abadilla , build up with new criticism and an orientation on modernist poetry would taunt traditional Tagalog poetics with the publication of his poem, Ako ang Daigdig. Abadillas poetry began the era of modernism in Tagalog poetry, a departure from the traditional rhymed, measured and orally recited poems. Modernist poetry which utilized free or blank verses was intended more for silent reading than oral delivery. Noted poets in Tagalog during the American period were Julian Cruz Balmaceda, Florentino Collantes, Pedro Gatmaitan, Jose Corazon de Jesus, Benigno Ramos, Inigo Ed. Regalado, Ildefonso Santos, Lope K. Santos, Aniceto Silvestre, Emilio Mar. Antonio , Alejandro Abadilla and Teodoro Agoncillo. uniform the writers in English who formed themselves into organizations, Tagalog writers also formed the Ilaw at Panitik, and held discussions and workshops on the value of literature in society. Benigno Ramos, was one of the most politicized poets of the period as he aligned himself with the peasants of the Sakdal Movement. Fiction in Tagalog as well as in the other languages of the regions developed alongside the novel. Most fictionists are also novelists. Brigido Batungbakal , Macario Pineda and other writers chose to dwell on the vicissitudes of life in a ever-changing rural landscape. Deogracias Del Rosario on the other hand, chose the city and the emerging social elite as subjects of his stories.He is considered the father of the modern short story in Tagalog Among the more popular fictionists who emerged during the period are two women writers, Liwayway Arceo and Genoveva Edroza Matute, considered forerunners in the use of light fiction, a kind of story telling that uses language through poignant rendition. Genoveva Edroza Matutes Akoy Isang Tinig and Liwayway Arceos Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa have been used as models of fine writing in Filipino by teachers of make-up throughout the school system.Te odoro Agoncillos anthology 25 Pinakamahusay na Maiikling Kuwento (1945) included the foremost writers of fiction in the pre-war era. The separate, yet parallel developments of Philippine literature in English and those in Tagalog and other languages of the archipelago during theAmerican period only prove that literature and writing in whatsoever language and in whatever climate are able to survive mainly through the active imagination of writers. Apparently, what was lacking during the period was for the writers in the various languages to come together, divide experiences and come to a conclusion on the elements that constitute good writing in the Philippines.

Cost Behaviors and Allocation Essay

The relationship between fixed, vari fitted, and total monetary values of an organization is c aloneed cost behavior. It is also known as vestigial cost structure, and is used for planning, control, and conclusion making within the organization. Healthc atomic number 18 organizations face several challenges to try and ameliorate the quality of c ar and reduce costs at the same time. Their answer to how to do this describes their cost behavior. Fixed costs is a cost that are certain regardless of the volume of work that are delivered and will total even if the facility is closed.Variable costs are related now to the amount of service that is delivered. These two costs make up the underlying cost structure of an organization. For example the costs of supplies used to draw line of products in a science laboratory, would be the variable costs, the costs to keep the laboratory open would be fixed costs. To understand the cost behaviors of the organization you run through to fig ure out the relationship these costs have with the amount of services that they are delivering.To manage your costs you want to make sure that you are bringing in enough volume that will cover your costs. damage allocation is a very important part of cost measurement. It is a pricing process that within the organization where managers allocate the costs of all the departments. Within healthcare organizations the overhead costs, costs from patient services departments, and hold up costs have to be allocated. Due to this pricing and service offerings are based on the total costs in relation with separately services.If the allocations of overhead costs are allocated properly the organization is better able to make good decisions for the organization. Works Cited Evans III, J. H. (1998). Cost Management and Management mark off in Healthcare Organizations Research Opportunities. Behavioral Research in account statement , 10, 78-103. Gapenski, L. (2012). Healthcare finance An introdu ction to accounting and financial management (5th ed. ). kale Health Administration Press.

Bandura Theories On Social Cognition

Albert Banduras social acquisition supposition places schooling in a social context. Bandura and his colleagues take the position that nature is uprised, or learned appearance. In particular, Banduras insistence that behavior house be learned from mere observation is a significant remainder from Skinners behaviorist position. An original empirical demonstration of experimental culture was presented in a study by Bandura, Ross, and Ross (1993). Nursery coach children were allowed to watch an prominents unusual aggressive actions against an inflated Bobo dame the kind that pops rearwards up after it has been punched or knocked down.The adult models light upon the dolly with a hammer and kicked it, tossed it in the air, and even sat on it and punched it. After merely observing this behavior, the children were later allowed to play with toys that included the Bobo doll and hammer. The children who observed the adult model, either live or on videotape, give the doll more frequently than a control root word who had non seen a model. They also tended to hit the doll the way they had observed the adult model do it. Bandura interpreted this study as demonstrating that the probability of behavior can be streng whenceed with observation.Indeed, in Banduras speak to to personality, much of ones behavior is learned and strengthened through imitation, which is a kind of social cognition study. In this term physical composition I address the difference in the effectiveness of using dissembling intervention program based on a Banduras kind learning theory. Moreover, to find out if the program improves either or some(prenominal) the prime(a) and speed of the learning process of students enrolled in a extremely technical instruct program. This term paper focuses on using fashion model based learning environments in vocational training program.In this paper, the experimental orderology and instruments are described, results and findings presented and finally discussed and concluded. METHODOLOGY Doing my look for on Banduras neighborly learning theory in complex role model-based learning environments, I go through a large difference in how learners reacted to my learning material (Kluge, in press, 2004). Complex technical simulations involve the placement of the learner into a earthy computer simulated situation or technical scenario which puts control back into the learners hands. The contextual content of simulations allows the learner to learn by doing. Although my primary purpose was in improving research methods and runing procedures for evaluating learning results of simulation-based learning, the different reaction of the participants were so obvious that I took a adjacent look. I had devil different groups participating in my learning experiments students from an applied science department at the University, mostly in their third semester, and apprentices from vocational training programs in mechanics and ele ctronics of several companies near the University area in their 3rd year of vocational training.Most of the students worked very intensively and concentrated on work these complex simulation labor movements whereas apprentices became easily frustrated and bored. Purposes of the Study Although my first research purpose was not in investigating the differences between these groups, colleagues and practitioners showed their interest and further me to look especially at that difference. Practitioners especially hoped to find explanations why apprentices sometimes are less enthusiastic about simulation learning although it is tell to be motivating for their perception.As mentioned above, my primary purpose when I started to investigate learning and simulation based on Banduras Social Cognition theories was focussed on improving the research methodology and test material (see Kluge, in press, 2004) for experimenting with simulation-based learning environments. But observing the deput izejects reactions to the learning and testing material the inquiry arose whether there might be a difference in the quality of and speed of the learning process of students involved in my study.Research Design A 3- grammatical constituent 2 ? 2 ? 2 factorial control-group-design was performed (factor 1 Simulation complexity ColorSim 5 vs ColorSim 7 factor 2 support method GES vs. DI-GES factor 3 brand group, see Table 2). Two hundred and fifteen mostly male students (16% female) in eight groups (separated into quaternity experimental and four-spot control groups) participated in the main study.The control group served as a treatment check for the learning phase and to demonstrate whether subjects acquired any acquaintance within the learning-phase. While the experimental groups alter in the knowledge test at the end of the experiment (after the learning and the transfer tasks), the control groups filled in the knowledge test directly after the learning phase. I did not want to give the knowledge test to the experimental group after the learning phase because of its sensitivity to testing-effects.I assumed that learners who did not acquire the relevant knowledge in the learning phase could acquire useable knowledge by taking the knowledge test, which could select led to a better transfer performance which is not due to the learning method only caused by learning from taking the knowledge test. The procedure subjects had to ascertain included a learning phase in which they explored the structure of the simulation aiming at knowledge acquisition.After the learning phase, subjects first had to fill in the four-item questionnaire on self-efficacy before they performed 18 transfer tasks. The transfer tasks were separated into two blocks (consisting of club control tasks each) by a 30-minute break. In four experimental groups (EG), 117 students and apprentices performed the learning phase (28 female participants), the 18 control tasks and the knowledge t est. As tell before, the knowledge test was applied at the end because of its sensitivity to additive learning effects caused by filling in the knowledge test.In four control groups (CG), 98 students and apprentices performed the knowledge test directly after the learning phase, without working on the transfer task (four female participants). The EGs took about 2-2. 5 hours and the CG about 1. 5 hours to finish the experiment. Both groups (EGs and CGs) were asked to take notes during the learning phase. Subjects were indiscriminately assigned to the EGs and CGs, nonetheless ensuring that the same soma of students and apprentices were in each group. The Simulation-Based schooling EnvironmentThe computer-based simulation ColorSim, which we had developed for our experimental research previously, was used in two different variants. The simulation is based on the work by Funke (1993) and simulates a small chemical represent to green goods colors for later resultant processing and treatment such as dyeing fabrics. The task is to produce a given amount of colors in a pre delineate number of bars (nine steps). To avoid the uncontrolled influence of prior knowledge, the structure of the plant simulation cannot be derived from prior knowledge of a certain domain, but has to be learned by all subjects.ColorSim contains tierce endogenous variables (termed green, black, and yellow) and three exogenous variables (termed x, y, and z ). Figure 1 illustrates the ColorSim screen. Subjects control the simulation step by step (in contrast to a real time outpouring continuous control). The predefined goal states of each color have to be procureed by step nine. Subjects enter values for x, y, and z within the range of 0-100. in that respect is no time limit for the transfer tasks. During the transfer tasks, the subjects have to reach defined trunk states for green (e. g. , 500), black (e. g., 990), and yellow (e. g. , 125) and/or gauge to keep the variable values as close as affirmable to the values defined as goal states. Subjects are instructed to reach the defined system states at the end of a multi-step process of nine steps. The task for the subjects was first to explore or learn about the simulated system (to find out the causal links between the system variables), and then to control the endogenous variables by means of the exogenous variables with respect to a set of given goal states. With respect to the empirical evidence of Funke (2001) and Strau?(1995), the conjectural concept for the variation in complexity is based on timberland (1986) theoretical arguments that complexity depends on an increasing number of relations between a stable number of (in this case six) variables (three input, three output for exposit of the construction rational and empirical evidence (Kluge, 2004) Altogether, empirical findings and theoretical assumptions have so far led to the conclusion that experiential learning take additional support to enhanc e knowledge acquisition and transfer.Target Population and participant Selection In the introductory part, I mentioned that there were two sub groups in the sample which I see as different target groups for using simulation-based learning environments. Subjects were for the most part recruited from the technical departments of a technical foul University (Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electronics, Information Technology as well as apprentices from the vocational training programs in mechanics

Literature: the Chronicles of Narnia and Fantasy

fondness Literature and rattling(a) dustup Kelli Pearson Eng/290 7/30/2012 Crystal Sands Fantastic Literature and Fantastic Language Fantasy literature is fancy in written form. historic every(prenominal)y speaking, literature has composed the majority of fantasy figure outs. Since the 1960s a section of the fantasy genre has taken the form of movies, television programs, novels, video games, music and other media. Fantasy Language is is a constructed language designed for esthetic pleasure. Fantasy language has an irregular grammer, much c are natural languages. numerous argon designed within the context of fancied worlds.Others represent fictional minority languages in a world not patently contrastive from the real world, or overhear no particular fictional background signal attached. There are several different schools of Fantasy language construction. The some prominent is the naturalist school, which seeks to imitate the complexity and historicity of natural languag es and has artistic language. legion(predicate) do not use this language, but follow a much abstract style. The meter and explanation that I chose was an African Poem by Walter Dean Myers and the drool the Chronicles of Narnia. While choosing the twain of these I thought they were in truth interesting and I wanted to share.The poem is called Jeannie Had a Giggle which recites the lecture Jeannie had a giggle unspoilt beneath her toes She gave a little joggle and up her leg it rose. She tried to grab the giggle as it shimmied gone her knees But it slid right past her fingers with a scuse me if you please It slipped around her middle, it make her jump and shtaboo Jeannie wanted that giggle in, that giggle wanted out Jeannie closed her mouth, but then she heard a funny vigorous As out that silly giggle flew and jumped down to the ground. Jeannie caught it with her foot just beneath her toes She gave a little wiggle and up her leg it rose.I chose this poem because I believe this poem is a form of dance. Where as in the African culture they interpret a lot of movement by dance. African dance teaches values and social patterns to help people work, mature, or praise people in their community. I feel that this poem showed how jenny ass was full of Joy from head to toe. This poem expresses that values of the African religious belief of how they use dance to interpret praise within themselves. The fantasy story that I chose was The Chronicles of Narnia. I chose this story because it is filled with fantasy and full of imagination.According to (Matt Brennan http//cslewis. drzeus. sugar ) The Narnia Chronicles are surely the most popular works of writer C. S. Lewis. And although they are recognized as babyrens fantasy novels, they are also popular with students and adults, including some(prenominal) Christian theologians. In the Narnia Chronicles, Lewis identifies the Biblical character of Jesus Christ as the character of Aslan the lion. He retells certa in events in the life of Jesus to children. This counseling it is easier for a children to understand most significantly, however, children can both relate to and do it the fantasy of Narnia.I feel that this story is a great story that uses animals to hairgrip the attention of the children. Narnia is a land of talking animals, and as children usually examine the concept of animals and magical creatures more interesting than that of a historical worldly concern of long ago. This story also has a religious aspect stinker its creation. It speaks from the book of Genisis. Narnia proves to be the perfect vehicle for a captivating work of childrens literature. Through using animals to create the story gains interest Animals in this story are especially apparent with the use of Aslan the lion as a God figure The Lion opened his mouth e was suspire out a long, warm breath it seemed to sway all the beasts as the wind sways a line of trees. (Lewis, 1988, p. 108). This image of life-gi ving breath directly correlates to a passage in Genesis The Lord God create the man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being. (Gen 27). I believe that the two compare establish on religious beliefs. I have viewed the Chronicles of Narnia and this story seems to have a strong affect on m all viewers and I believe it is due to the fantasy of the story but the reality of the biblical times.Aswell as the poem. Its grasp the attention of children because of the laughter but it expresses movements of the traditional praise of how the African culture expresses themselves. The Chronicles of Narnia has been criticized in the past for gender stereotyping. I think that this may have caused a lot of problems with some readers because of how the story was written close Sarah. In my poem I didnt feel as if it had any stereotyping. The way I see it is that It just basically described a fun loving little lady friend who enj oys life from head to toe.These two types of literature were very different but I believe that they testament both gain the interest of young children. I believe the center that the poem sends to children is that the world is the limits. Go after your dream and most importantly be Happy The Chronicles of Narnia sends a message that the world of fantasy is real. It gives children the theme to dream and hope. I gives children the belief of following their dreams and believing in yourself. Fantasy is a world of make believe that many children thrive to have. We all have had the urge to follow our dreams.As a child many children have the dream of being a princess and in the story the little girl became a princess and that is a little girls fairy tale just like a little boys to become a warrior. In conclusion childrens fantasy plays a big part in literature. Its easy for children to understand what they are reading or being read to. Fantasy to a child is a big part of their lives. The y believe in what they read and enamour and its up to adults to help them understand better how to use their imagination. References Myers, W. D. (n. d. ). Jenny Had A Giggle. Retrieved from http//cslewis. drzeus. net Retrieved from http//www. wikipedia. com

Paulo Coelho Life Essay

Through an extensive researching and construe most of his books, I am able to present Paulo Coekho One of the writers more sold and known worldwide. As a huge fun of Paulo Coelho I have learned he is not only a known writer merely he is overly a complex character, an adventurer, and a seeker of new things which direct him to try all the good and boastful things that presented on his way. In order to understand his books is important to learn almost the painful moments of his past For instance the journey through the deserts of drugs, blue magic, jail, etcetera. Paulo Coelho was born August 24th, 1947 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.1 and attended a Jesuit school. As a teenager, Coelho wanted to become a writer. Upon telling his mother this, she responded with My dear, your father is an engineer. Hes a logical, reasonable man with a very clear vision of the world. Do you actually know what it means to be a writer?1 After researching, Coelho concluded that a writer constantly wea rs glasses and neer combs his hair and has a duty and an obligation never to be understood by his own generation, amongst other things.1 At 16, Coelhos introversion and opposition to following a traditional path led to his parents committing him to a mental institution from which he escaped three times before being released at the age of 20.23Coelho later remarked that It wasnt that they wanted to hurt me, but they didnt know what to do They did not do that to destroy me, they did that to save me.4 At his parents wishes, Coelho enrolled in law school and chuck come to the fore his dream of becoming a writer. One year later, he dropped out and lived life as a hippie, traveling through South America, northern Africa, Mexico, and Europe and started drugs in the 1960s.56 Upon his return to Brazil, Coelho worked as a songwriter, composing lyrics for Elis Regina, Rita Lee, and Brazilian icon Raul Seixas. Composing with Raul led to Paulo being associated with magic and occultism, due to the nitty-gritty of some songs.7In 1974, Coelho was arrested for subversive activities by the ruling military government, who had taken power ten years earlier and viewed his lyrics as left-wing and dangerous.4 Coelho also worked as an actor, journalist, and theatre director before pursuing his report career.7 In 1986, Coelho walked the 500-plus mile Road of Santiago de Compostela in northwestern Spain, a bout point in his life.58 On the path, Coelho had a spiritual awakening, which he exposit autobiographically in The Pilgrimage.9In an interview, Coelho stated In 1986, I was very happy in the things I was doing. I was doing something that gave me food and water to use the metaphor in The Alchemist, I was working, I had a person whom I loved, I had money, but I was not fulfilling my dream. My dream was, and still is, to be a writer.10Coelho would put across his lucrative career as a songwriter and pursue writing full-time. you coffin nailnot be all over Africa because the re are some places they take int even have bookstores. But, funny enough, they have the Internet It is unbelievable. So I post all my books for free on the Internet, and people can download them. If they like it, they are going to pay. You have to trust people.